Pomeranian Information and Characteristics

The Pomeranian, famously adored by Queen Victoria, is one of the UK's most beloved small dog breeds. Originally bred from larger Spitz group dogs in Pomerania, today's tiny dogs have captured hearts across Britain with their playful personalities and fluffy coats. If you're thinking about adding a Pomeranian dog to your family, this guide covers everything UK owners need to know.

Breed Snapshot

• Size: Toy breed, typically 18–24 cm in height.

• Weight: Usually around 1.8–3.5 kg.

• Life expectancy: 12–16 years.

• Colours: Orange, cream, wolf sable, parti-colour, and more recognised by the Kennel Club.

Royal Origins & UK Popularity

The breed exploded in Britain after Queen Victoria fell in love with a bright-orange Pom at Crufts in 1891. She bred ever-smaller dogs and showed them off in London, making the Pomeranian dog one of our most popular breeds. Modern breed clubs still hold shows in the capital, while rescue groups re-home older Poms nationwide. In recent Kennel Club registrations, Poms out-rank many other small breeds, proving that even in 2025, the “royal toy” still rules British hearts.

Kennel Club Breed Standard

The UK's Kennel Club describes the breed standard for Pomeranians as compact, active, and fluffy-coated dogs. These toy breeds should appear balanced, with symmetrical hair loss viewed negatively. Responsible breeders adhere strictly to these standards.

Appearance: A Fluffy Coat on a Pocket Frame

Picture a fox-like face, pricked ears, and a plumed tail that curls over a sturdy back. Beneath that thick undercoat is a solid bone structure that tolerates lively play but not rough play with heavy dogs. Kennel Club judges look for a straight topline, cat-like feet, and a luxurious neck ruff. Colours range from classic orange to cream, black, blue, and eye-catching parti patterns. While stunning, the double coat can hide symmetrical hair loss (often called “black-skin disease”) – a clue that hormones or thyroid levels need checking by a vet.

Temperament: Big Character, Bigger Laughs

Pomeranians enjoy being centre stage. They’re alert, vocal, and quick to learn tricks that keep families laughing. Early training curbs nuisance bark and channels their brainpower into puzzle toys. Socialise puppies with other dogs, cats, and crowds so their bold streak doesn’t tip into bossiness. Two Pomeranians together often act like one large dog – doubling the entertainment but also the noise!

Exercise & Training Needs

Though classed as tiny dogs, Poms still need daily walks – about 30 minutes split into short walks suits their small stature. Fetch in a secure garden, scent games indoors, and five-minute trick sessions prevent boredom. Use a harness to protect that delicate trachea (this breed is prone to tracheal collapse). Positive, consistent cues work best; scolding only makes a Pom dig in.

Grooming: Prevent Matting, Protect Skin

Brush your Pom three times a week (daily during moults) to prevent matting in the dense undercoat. Work in layers from skin to tip, then check “odd angles” behind elbows and under the tail. Bath once a month; over-bathing strips natural oils and may trigger skin irritation. Routine dental care – daily brushing plus vet checks – fends off the dental problems small mouths invite. Many owners book a professional groomer every eight weeks for nail, foot, and sanitary trims. A neat coat avoids snagging on twigs during daily walks and keeps the dog cool when the British weather flips from drizzle to heatwave.

Common Health Issues & Lifespan

Pomeranians, like other small breeds, may face certain health conditions:

• Patellar luxation: Knee cap slips, common in small breeds.

• Tracheal collapse: Common respiratory issue due to their small size.

• Dental issues: Frequent due to crowded teeth.

• Symmetrical hair loss (Black Skin Disease): Requires vet attention.

• Heart, eye and thyroid disorders: available health tests guide responsible breeders.

The Royal Veterinary College’s VetCompass project places average life expectancy for UK dogs at 11.2 years, but Poms routinely beat that figure thanks to lighter frames and fewer breathing issues. Regular weight checks, prompt vet care, and insurance (many owners use PDSA or KC policies) are the best safeguards.

Feeding & Weight Control

Portion sizes look tiny, but over-feeding a small dog is easy. Aim for 35–45 calories per kg of body weight, split into two meals. Choose a diet labelled for toy breeds and rich in omega-3 to support that show-ring coat. Treats should fit in your palm, not your fist. Obesity doubles the risk of knee, back and heart conditions – and slices years off that prized 12–16-year lifespan.

Training Your Pomeranian

Early training is crucial due to their alert and sometimes stubborn personalities. Positive reinforcement works best, teaching your Pomeranian to behave well around other pets and during walks. Socialising puppies early reduces aggression and excessive barking.

Living with Children & Other Pets

Because of their small size, Poms can be injured by clumsy toddlers or rough play with big dogs. Teach kids a “floor-play only” rule and supervise all interactions. Many Poms thrive alongside cats and calm other pets, but early introductions are key. Outdoors, stay alert: owls, buzzards and other predatory birds have mistaken Poms for lunch. In the city, a high-visibility lead flag helps cyclists see your tiny dog. A fenced, secure garden stops adventurous Poms from chasing pigeons into traffic.

Buying or Adopting Responsibly

Pomeranian puppies typically cost between £800–£2,800 from reputable breeders. Expect monthly pet insurance premiums ranging from £17–£32. Additional costs include grooming, food, and regular health checks. The UK market sees hundreds of Pomeranian puppies for sale each month, but only a fraction come from responsible breeders. Look for Kennel Club Assured Breeders or clubs that publish health test results. Expect a waiting list: litters average just 2–3 puppies. Meet mum, view paperwork, and check for microchip and first vaccinations. UK law (Animal Welfare Act 2006) bans selling pups under eight weeks and requires sellers to hold a licence if they breed more than two litters a year. If you prefer to adopt, Breed Rescue and the RSPCA often list adult “pre-loved Poms” in need of fresh laps to warm. 

Legal Requirements & Travel Rules

UK law requires all dogs, including Pomeranians, to be microchipped by 8 weeks old and wear an ID tag. Failure to comply can result in fines up to £500. If traveling abroad, ensure your Pomeranian meets EU post-Brexit travel requirements, including vaccinations and an Animal Health Certificate.

FAQs about Pomeranians

Are Pomeranians expensive to buy?

Yes, Pomeranian puppies typically range from £800 to over £2,800, depending on pedigree and breeder reputation.

Is a Pomeranian a good house dog?

Absolutely. Their small size makes them ideal for apartments and smaller homes, but their vocal nature requires early training to manage barking.

Do Pomeranian dogs shed a lot?

Pomeranians moderately shed year-round, especially during seasonal coat changes. Regular grooming helps manage shedding effectively.

Do Pomeranians pick a favourite person?

Yes, Pomeranians often form a strong attachment to one individual, though they're friendly and affectionate with all family members.

Conclusion

Owning a Pomeranian can bring immense joy and companionship, providing laughs and affection throughout their life. With proper care, grooming, training, and attention to their unique health needs, these lively little dogs make wonderful pets in the UK.

Explore our range of Pomeranian-friendly dog beds, dog harnesses, and grooming tools to keep your furry friend comfortable and happy.